The roots of guardianship Jordanian جذور الوصاية الأردنية – دراسة في وثائق الأرشيف الصهيوني

NOVANEWS

By:Osama Fawzi
 
Call me at the beginning of 1991 in New York of Mr. Salah Tamari, a well-known name among the Palestinians has been a leader of the detained supporters in Lebanon (a detainee held by Israel after its invasion of Lebanon), a Fatah leader known was that day lives in New York and oversees the Foundation “ROOTS “It is a charity concerned with Bcbebh Palestinian and Palestinian children abroad … and Salah returned that day to the Palestinian territories and won the parliamentary elections and became the most important political leaders in the West Bank .. still.
That day was the communication between me and him taking place on the margins of what is published by the newspaper on the operations of corruption in the Palestinian institutions in America, including accusations leveled against Palestine’s ambassador in Washington to get a million dollars illegally, a battle that took place on the pages of Arab Times in the late eighties and ended in a confidential letter I received a copy of it Tira Palestinian Ambassador to Washington Hassan Abdel Rahman, Yasser Arafat, to accuse me of the Ambassador of deliberately hurting him as I received a letter from a lawyer asking me where a U.S. apology for the ambassador and … but then I found out that the lawyer were not in fact, but the ambassador’s wife …. The outcome of the battle for call businessman Palestinian Mohammed mayors to Tunisia after being accused of funding Arab Times from the door of the Gazette published his ads on the front page and what denied willful relationship (financing) Arabs Times he just declared it carried Abu Iyad, “Salah Khalaf,” a personal invitation to me to visit Tunisia .. .. rejected them because I did not that day have got U.S. citizenship and thus did not have a passport after being confiscated by Jordanian intelligence Jordanian passport and insisted that Ater Elite Amman to meet with then-President Samih Battikhi .. for Refurbished
That day was Salah Tamari is a major exporter of published information about the embassy and the ambassador as well as the contacts made ​​by the Arabs Times Assistant Ambassador himself …. Valley of give and take (up) between me and Tamari to the emergence of a friendship over the phone orientation Tamari send a copy of the book entitled “The roots of guardianship Jordanian study in the Archives of the Zionist” … version was old and used me and said Salah after their arrival that the book is a rare and missing and dangerous, he said I could re-printed and published and distributed in America … and said that the book to his wife, “our” and that our proposal is the owner and it took the approval of the author, Dr Sulaiman al-Bashir.
I did not know that day Salah Tamari is a Palestinian leader who was named in Jordan on rumors that he married a divorced King Hussein and his cousin “Our Queen” … I took embarrassed to ask the question of him but friends linked by family lobby told me that the Queen is our his wife, and they live with him … and this made ​​me ask myself: What is the benefit of our Queen in book publishing through the dangerous proves that the Zionist Archive founder of Jordan, King Abdullah and senior commanders and tribal leaders of Jordan were in fact customers and conduct of the Jewish Agency since the twenties.
Not the oldest on the day of adventure reprint the book …. but others offer them … and issued new editions of it quickly confiscated by Jordanian intelligence of Arab markets, which made ​​me instructed to circle the books in the Arab Times on obtaining copies of this book available to readers of the Arabs in America … and this is what I did and it worked, but there is a complete copy of it on the Internet for those wishing Bmutalatha.
Says the author of the book, Dr. Suleiman Bashir, said the beginning of the intensive contact to Prince Abdullah Jewish Agency back to the early years (1932). It is the same period that saw the beginning of a link by Jordanian tribal leaders, too. Was the motivation behind the quest to establish such a connection are similar. The prince is acting here as the owner of a large territory and “sheikh chieftains” paid his economic situation is difficult to find capital and expertise foreign investment on the floor, or even a mortgage those lands against loans given and ran his Albzna mistress (Nahida), a slave black it brought with him from Saudi Arabia to raise his daughter accepted on the night of the Ala knees and is said to have begotten them .. and set up a camp wide significant near Rusaifa in a place occupied by today’s school Schneller including camp ruled slave Nahida Jordan and tribal leaders of Jordan .. The funny thing is that there is no mention of Nahida in the history books of Jordan by historian palace Suleiman Mousa while many find it in the diary of Princess exquisite cousin of King Hussein (King Ali King of Iraq), a memoir published in the Altai London.
And despite the fact that the Jewish Agency did not pose for the Prince only one of the sources of finance and investment at first, but soon he was linked with dimensions based on shared interests and a serious political complications. That link opens up new vistas for political alliance between the Prince and the Zionist movement grew part of his pursuit of closer that alliance first step on the road to convince the leadership of the Zionist movement on the one hand and the British Mandate authorities on the other hand to accept his “resolve” the issue of Palestinian unification of Palestine with Transjordan.
The alliance between King Abdullah and the Jewish Agency, the cause of danger – as the author says – on the Palestinian national movement led to Ajhazaa in the years 1936 and 1939 and this was the beginning of the coalition shift towards the partition of Palestine annexation of the Arab part of them to the east of the Jordan later. As for the beginning of the search for Prince Mtmolin to invest its territory, the documents of the Jewish Agency confirms that the latter did not form in the beginning, only one of the possibilities. He says Moshe Chertok in the report, which was written about his conversation with T.. D. (Facilitating the doji) Day (15/02/1932 AD):
«I asked him whether Abbas Hilmi (formerly Khedive of Egypt) Abdullah has given money to the goal of developing their land or to the goal of attacking the Ibn Saud in the Hijaz. He said that does not have a conclusive answer and said he would travel to Amman to inquire ». <(Biography and political information about Prince Abdullah and his position on Zionism) Ibid>.
In a report on another interview conducted by Moshe Chertok with T.. D. Day (2/28/1932 m) Additional information about the negotiations that took place between Prince Abbas Hilmi in that period. It is understood from this report that the T.. D. Hamid Valley met a prince’s aides and asked him about the reason for his trip to Switzerland, Hamid said that he went to negotiate with Abbas Helmi about the possibility of the development of the territory of the Prince. You also understand that Abbas Hilmi was a partner of the Egyptian Mtamol Hekor Pasha owner “real estate company” and “company Egyptian business.” However, the mission failed because of Hamid Valley rejected the presentation of the Prince Abbas Hilmi rent their land for a period of ninety-nine years, compared with 1000 pounds per year, has been the response of the prince that he is interested in partnership and not just rent the land.
It seems that the Jewish Agency has cast the responsibility of T.. D. Is that at this early stage the idea of taking the boots to her Prince Mtamola into account, it adds Chertok in the same report:
«T. and told me. D. Threads in which they occur with the prince when the last call him for lunch at his table. I’ve talked about the Jews in Palestine is an important factor, and the prince agreed to make up the idea of being a cash cow for the Arabs of Palestine »<a. P. M. Q file. (25/3051) in Hebrew>.
However, the report, written by Moshe Chertok about a conversation he had with other T.. D. Day (02.08.1932 m) indicates that the prince had been taken at the same time some foreign companies into account, too. Moshe says Chertok:
«T. showed me. D. On a letter sent to him Abboud carpenter, secretary Prince Abdullah and private Abboud says in this letter that, after the failure of a trip to Europe Hamid valley on the territory of the Prince, the latter asked Habib to the goodness of God that raises interesting an Italian company develops its territory ». <A. P. M. Q file. (5/3051) in Hebrew>.
Against this background, the Jewish Agency began moving, during the first visit by President Chaim Arlosoroff the prince in Amman on (03/14/1932 AD) has been the subject of debate and activity of the Zionist Jewish immigration to the east of Jordan. Chertok says Moshe, who accompanied Arlosoroff in his report on the visit:
«Then the discussion moved to the topic of relations between Jews and Transjordan. The Arlosoroff The Amir of Transjordan can not develop in isolation from the economic Palestine because the separation of the two countries for each other is artificially. He also said that economic cooperation is the first step on the path of cooperation and unity of politicians, though the Jews who developed Palestine can contribute to the development of Transjordan. In response, the Prince said that he is not afraid of Jewish immigration, but that such concerns exist among the Arabs of Palestine. So it is worth acting and the Prince himself to take these concerns and impacts on Transjordan into account before talking about economic cooperation ». <A. P. M. Q file.(25/6313) in Hebrew>.
Here clearly shows that Prince signed at this early stage under two effects contradictory. Vmassalha angel of large land and that he stands at the head of the tribal system to pay in terms of cooperation with the Jewish Agency. However, his position requires him to take the dimensions and political complications that could arise from such cooperation at the local level and also the Palestinian and Arab. So what explains the Trath initially rejecting the call of Arlosoroff to visit one of the Jewish settlements in Palestine. Refers Chertok in his report that while cross-Sheikh Fuad al-Khatib adviser to Prince, who participated in the meeting Berlozorov (along with all of Prince Nayef, Minister of the tiles and the head guard of honor and some Bedouin elders) for his willingness to do so that visit, the «apologized Prince said he could not ignore public opinion and the press ». <Previous source>.
The cross-Prince’s T.. D. His concerns more clearly day he met him after the subscription in the last Middle Jordanian opposition conference held in Amman on) 15/03/1932 AD (. Appears from the report, which was written by Moshe Chertok for the content of the talk at the meeting, as quoted by the T.. D . the first thing that had feared Prince is the reaction of the Middle Jordanian National Movement. Chertok says:
«After the end of the conference has visited. D. Prince’s Palace who invited him to accompany him on a trip to the ruins of “distinguished”, located 60 kilometers east of Amman. There nag him Prince of activity tribes loyal to Ibn Saud.
Prince and then spoke about his impression of his visit Arlosoroff, and agreed to what he said T.. D. That Zionist activity in Palestine, positive economic impacts on their people. But Prince said that his government would oppose any contact will do with the Jews. He adds T.. D. That the relationship with Prince his government is very bad, because some of its members nationalist extremists opposed to the entry of Jews to the east of Jordan, including: Tawfiq Abu al-Huda, secretary of the government, was born in Acre, and Dr. clearance Abu Rahma, Director of the Department of Health, and the return of priests, the Attorney General, of Karak, Kawar and Baz, director of the e-mail, and just greatness ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3501) in Hebrew>.
We will return to the issue of internal conflicts triggered by the beginning of Zionist activity in eastern Jordan. For Prince, the reluctance stemmed in this period also fears that lead to the development projects of the Zionist political control of the Zionist movement in Jordan on the east end of the matter.This is shown clearly in the reports <Jad> (which is t. D. As noted earlier) of that period. Aharon Cohen says in one of those reports written by Day (07/21/1932 AD):
«Has heard the words of Prince serious more than once that he was excited by his country and settle Jews Atorōha industrially and commercially. As stated before (by the British) Colonel Kish more than once that he was not opposed to the Jews. But seriously knows that Prince is feared to himself than to turn to the Jews shows an element within the emirate when they succeeded in stabilizing their feet in it. He thinks seriously that we have to rip out the heart of this uncertainty Prince written guarantee ». <A. Cohen, Information Gad, a. P. M. Q file. (25/4143) in Hebrew>.
On the other hand, the expansion of the Zionist aspirations of not only turn on the search for the potential settlement of the land only, but took the Jewish Agency is also interested in the possibility of obtaining concessions for other economic projects in the east of the Jordan. And gives us the following report, which was written by Aharon Cohen Day (07/29/1932 AD) some details about these projects, which the Agency has commissioned seriously seeking to secure access to privileges. Cohen says:
«During the visit of Gad Transjordan he succeeded in tracing the evolution of issues related to us, and briefed on the messages sent by the Jewish Agency to the Prime Minister about the possibility of running the Jewish workers in the facilities of the Iraqi oil company there. He also investigate the reasons that prompted the head of the government not to respond to them. It was clear to him that Colonel Cox (British adopted in Amman) had ordered it.
He also met with a serious Btahir Djiqh, Mayor of Amman and secretary of the Executive Committee of the Conference of the Middle Jordanian opposition, and spoke to him for public projects that Amman Municipality intends to do in the near future. He proposed to be taken seriously into account Jewish businesses as an entrepreneur. Tahir has agreed to the proposal and provided him with the following information about the projects to come:
A – paving streets within the network area of Oman (52) thousand square meters with drilling sewage network and sewage pipes put before surfacing.
B – Oman lighting electricity.
C – Paving (500) kilometers of roads, especially the road from Amman to the Allenby Bridge.
And intends to some foreign trading companies to submit proposals and tender from her to receive work. The serious Vicdjana to pay companies to submit proposals Jewish brokered, and after the impact on the prime minister to approve the proposals if the Jewish were not the most expensive proposals from other companies ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/4143) in Hebrew>.
Indeed, the agency immediately began to examine the possibility of getting one of the companies Zionism privileges such projects. And include the following message sent by Moshe Chertok to Arlosoroff in London on (08/02/1932 AD) some information about the political considerations of the agency when she thinks to embark on such a move. Chertok says in his letter:
«. . The pressure is serious so much as regards Contracting streets, sewage and electricity in Oman in order to collect some profits mediation and sponsorship of the Government of Transjordan. It was clear to me from the talk between us that the Jordanian government will ensure that the project for a period of 5-10 years. I did not want to give him a negative answer before checking capabilities. The thought that the partnership “Action Center” with Haji Tahir Kurmanbek (which is a company (Ivan Vsad)) the most suitable candidate for the emergence of a contractor for the project streets and sewers.It is in all respects the entry into Transjordan by a partnership of Jewish – Arab would be better politically easier and practically all of our backs Judea ».<A. P. M. Q file. (25/3489) in Hebrew>.
In just two days, the Department has contacted the political center of the Histadrut’s work and decided to send a delegation representing the “Ivan Vsad” to Amman to examine the project closely. The feet Aharon Cohen, who accompanied the delegation on behalf of the Political Department, a report on the visit, which has a daily (4-5/8/1932 m). Cohen says in his report:
«Political Department suggested the company (Ivan Vsad) to take care of public works project to be done in Oman. The company Vsad Ivan is a partnership between the center of the work of the Histadrut and the Hajj Taher Kurmanbek. . . The Day (08.03.1932 m) arranged a meeting between the serious and David Hacohen, director Ivan Vsad work on behalf of the Center, and to study the subject. After the meeting, David Hacohen invitation Haji Tahir to travel to Amman for the same purpose. I have asked the political circle to join them and to have been a serious presentation to the Hajj Taher friend of David Hacohen and his interpreter.
We arrived to Amman in the evening and met the municipality Taher Djiqh who asked us to review the municipal office in the morning the next day. .
In the morning we went to meet with the mayor in his office as we met with the municipal engineer Darwish Abu wellness.
Has been providing engineer David Hacohen, a presentation was his assistant. We read the mayor’s plan the project and promised to send a copy to the Office of Kurmanbek in Haifa. The project is limited to the paving of 52 thousand square meters of streets in Amman and digging sewers size of 14 thousand square meters, and said that the municipality estimated costs of the project are (20-25) thousand pounds would be willing to be paid over five years, and added that the “Vacuum Opel “Alongelomusria company, and the Iraq Petroleum Company may have carried submit a bid on the project. As for the electricity project has decided to postpone it because of municipal budget shortfalls ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/6313) in Hebrew>.
In (11/09/1932 AD) has all of Aharon Cohen and David Hacohen u. Mrjulin another visit to Oman, where they met with Mahmoud Abu wellness director of projects and the construction of municipal public in the east of Jordan, who briefed them on the detailed maps of the project and gave them a copy of it.He says Aharon Cohen for his report on the visit:
«Before we left we asked the secretary of the municipality if we give tender about the costs of the project in the future, and asked not to do so only after the municipal project topic published in newspapers». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/6313) in Hebrew>.
With the obvious interest shown by the Jewish Agency for companies Zionism privileges such projects has remained the issue of land and the possibilities for settlement expansion and immigration the most important thing to him seeking. Therefore, we believe it focuses the bulk of its efforts in this period to negotiate with Prince on the rental of its territory located in the Valley of the liver to the north of the Allenby Bridge.
In addition to the T.. D. Who played, and as we have seen, plays an important role in trying to persuade the Prince usefulness depends territory of the Jewish Agency or lease, it has participated in the negotiations of both the medial Mohammed, adviser to the prince and head of his office in that period, and my lawyers. Amon wet. Lentils, who hold identify the legal aspects of the Convention under the name on behalf of the Jewish Agency. (Relative to my lawyers. Amon wet. Lentils to see their letter m. Chertok Day (11/12/1933 AD) that are calling for the agency to pay the expense of their fees in the case of the territory of the Valley of the liver). <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3513) in Hebrew>.
The file includes documents relating to the Convention on the territory of the liver Gore the English translation of the message sent by Prince Abdullah Mohammed to the medial Day (12/30/1932) and by informing him that he had access to the draft land lease agreement (which was named: Option) with an area of (70 ) thousand acres and its Annexes as well. Prince asserts in his letter to forget that what is stated in Alawbashn «to be held with Messrs. Newman and Farbstein commensurate with my interests». However, at the same time suggested a modification of its provisions, so that the amount of annual rent payable (2000) Palestinian pounds. On the basis of the introduction of this amendment authorizing Prince Mohammed medial Alawbashn sign on his behalf. <A. P. M. File k. (3/16), R (6) English>.
The select the first item of the agreement terms are as follows:
«In the wake of the tenant to pay the sum of (500) Palestinian pounds for the owner, will have a right to dispose of land located east of Gore liver Jordan, with an area of 70 thousand acres approx. This land is registered as the owner in the circle of land registration in Salt under Article (4) on (24/03/1922 AD) File No. (3/1/738), as well as maps under the Registration Department lands east of the Jordan. The agreement signed by the two parties for a period of (33) years from the date of signing in return for an annual sum of (2000) Palestinian pounds with the right tenant in extended for a further two periods of each period (33) another year under the same conditions ». <For the English text of the Convention as stated in the same source, p (1-4)>.
It was also agreed on the necessity to renew the signing of the agreement with the beginning of each new year. What is important is that both the Prince and the men of the agency were fully aware of the dangerous political that could trace the spread of the news of the Convention. The file includes the said agreement the following message sent by Mohammed to the medial Amnuel Newman and Joshua Farbstein with the signing of the agreement on (03/01/1933) and which confirms to them that everything which will be published in the newspapers on the agreement will be under taken public opinion into account only. Medial says in his letter:
«I have the honor to inform you on behalf of His Royal Highness Prince Abdullah endowments that will be published in local newspapers news Rent territory Gore liver for only two months. However, I assure you on behalf of His Highness the publication of the news will not affect the essence of the agreement signed on (03/01/1933 AD) Accessories In essence, because the intent of the publishing process is to take the current situation into account only ». <The same source, p (5) English>.
And soon confirmed these fears medial and concerns that have been Prince Abdullah expressed on previous occasions of the reaction of the national public opinion Middle Jordanian and Palestinian opposition to the agreement.
The reaction reflected the opposition in its debut at the background of the conflict that took place since the twenties between the Hashemites of Ibn Saud’s hand and the other hand on the leadership of the Arab national movement.
The information contained in the reports of the Jewish Agency about the opposition’s campaign attributed to “serious” and the weight of the medial and Mohammed Fayez. One of the reports written by Moshe Chertok entitled <Information serious> between (19-22/1/1933 m). Chertok and confirms in his report that the Secretary of the Middle Jordanian government, Tawfiq Abu al-Huda, who was the first news of the transfer of lease lands Gore liver for the leadership of the Independence Party in Palestine.
And immediately the party held a meeting to discuss the matter and decided to send a delegation to Prince urging him to back off from this move. It was also decided that a delegation composed of both the Mufti and Musa Kazim al-Husseini and Ahmed Hilmi Pasha and Sheikh Muzaffar Sheikh Mahmoud Dajani. It also suggests <Information serious> that Awni Abdul Hadi sent a message on behalf of the Independence Party to King Faisal asking him to influence his brother. At the same time, the Alastqlaleon organize protest demonstrations on Abdullah in various cities of Palestine, as happened in Nablus. On the other hand pointed out this “information” to the leaders of the independence divided themselves: between supporters of the Saudis (Kaajaj Nuwayhid and Nabih greatness and Izzat Darwaza and full butcher) who attacked Abdullah and stressed the national Ibn Saud and supporters of the Hashemites (Kona Abdul Hadi and Subhi al-Khadra). In the wake of the messages sent by the latter to the King Faisal urging him to influence his brother «lest delivers Arabs of Transjordan to the Zionists». Abdullah has made ​​a statement to the press did not back down the valley lands for rent and did not deny he had held negotiations with the Zionists on them. <A. P. M. Q file. (25/4143) in Hebrew>.
As for the protest delegation which was headed by Mufti Musa Kazim al-Husseini has received his information scattered in various reports. There is a report written in the site (29/01/1933 AD). The report says the following:
«There are those who say that Mufti Musa Kazim al-Husseini were not firm in their conversation with the prince which raised dissatisfaction with them.He thinks they corrupt youth independence. While Musa Kazim received before briefly car gift from Prince. . . The Mufti act funds that stood to the tomb of King Hussein ». <Information Transjordan, the same source, p (1) Hebrew>.
The report adds that Abdullah asked to Mohammed Fayez weight of the medial and receive members of the delegation upon their arrival to Amman. The weight of them said clearly:
«Yes, we want to sell and rent the land to the Jews. Not for us any other way. He also said the Mufti: It is better to oversee the affairs of the mosque and leave the future of the country to others. In the wake of the Mufti went to meet the Prince in Barn where he was spending the holiday period. The report gives the Registrar to the House, including the following:
Prince: what the hype that you raised against me in Palestine?
Mufti: Do you think your Highness that it is possible to silence the country on the process of mortgaging land and open the doors of the country to the Jews? It was a commotion as something natural and reaction to this important political event.
Prince: Who are the owners of the hype anyway?
Mufti: the first section are seeking to humiliating to the public because of the relations (tense) between you and Ibn Saud. The second section are those who make their living directly on the war with the Jews, you know. However, the representatives of the serious public opinion. . . See in this step is only natural, because they know that there is no future for Transjordan without investments.
Prince: Is there a permission from supported this work?
Mufti: Yes. Enlightened people see it as the work of a man who knows what faces do not care for the street screaming.
Prince: What is the position of the opposition?
Mufti: Raghib Nashashibi’s position is that there is no future for Transjordan without introducing the element of the product.
Such an element available only to Jews ». <The same source, p. (2)>.
The report titled Moshe Chertok <Information whit Pasha al-Fayez on the issue of Gore’s liver in the period between (25-26/1/1933 m)> contains other details about what took place between the Prince and delegations protest. Chertok says:
«In his recent meetings Tell us the weight of all those meetings held recently on the territory of Gore liver.
First with a delegation of the “Arab Youth” and the second with a delegation Mufti Musa Kazim. Has participated in meetings whit. The Prince of the delegation of the “Arab youth,” there is no basis for fear of Rent Gore liver because of Transjordan a sovereign country does not fall within the Balfour Declaration, and in any case there is no point in keeping the land is planted. The weight of Ghussain has asked Jacob, a member of the delegation and the son of a land dealers in Jaffa, the funds collected by the father of the brokerage and sale of land to Jews. The delegation Mufti Musa Kazim was submitted to a draft prepared by Prince Ahmed Helmi, director of the Arab Bank for the exploitation of the territory Gore liver. The mufti said the weight of being may pay himself the Islamic Waqf land to the Jews (in Jerusalem), where the hotel site “Plus” now ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3487) in Hebrew>.
We will make the project Ahmad Hilmi Pasha after we talked to a report titled <Information serious day (1/30/1933 m)> on the delegation, “the young Arab.” According to the report that the prince told the delegation that he quipped «knows how manages its affairs more of them». It also mentions that he also left the delegation, accompanied by the weight and the medial and tiger-Hamoud Pasha and his office secretary Abboud carpenter private. And it is also understood that Fuad Pasha al-Khatib, Advisor to the prince, attended shortly after and told them that the Prince did not lease their land after it is ready to consider any proposal by the Arab company ». The report adds that the delegation «has published what he had published later build on it». <A.P. M. Q file. (25/4143) in Hebrew>.
The draft Ahmad Hilmi Pasha, which was introduced a delegation Mufti those proposals. The report mentions about Moshe Chertok <Information serious> referred to previously for the period between (19-22/1/1933 AD) that the project is an alternative that may be presented by Ahmad Hilmi text on non-payment of any amount to Prince during the first year and pay (2000) pounds through the years First and ten (5000) pounds during the ten years and the second (10) thousands of pounds during the third ten years, to be the duration of the lease for thirty years. It also confirms the serious in his information that Ahmed Helmi told him that he hopes to get 100 thousand pounds for the project through the AHS and others from the rich sons of the Arab community in America. It also refers to the fact that serious AHS owner of the largest number of stocks participating in the Arab Bank, and Ahmed Helmy said that he hoped to recruit American supporters of the Arabs for the success of the project, led by Charles Crane. She adds, “Information serious” that these were not the first time that cares where Ahmad Hilmi lands Gore liver. It has tried with the help of two partners and Rachid Rachid hip apron before ten years to submit a plan to exploit these lands when the government awarded the Prince of Jordan Valley, the liver, the newspaper has published <A B> Damascene this news at the time. However, my partner, Ahmed Helmi died during Syrian Revolution. The report adds:
«Prince will not be affected by the fuss Alastqlaleon. For him the matter as a whole depends on the terms of the lease offered by Jews on the one hand and the opponent on the other hand, if it finds that such documented and if their prince. The Prince knows as much Palestinian businessmen to reality, which he despised them in his heart. Will accelerate the mufti to go to the Prince, because he knows that if Gore protested Rent liver Vserih Prince requests exploration concession given to him by the iron by Ismail al-Husseini and happy with the participation of Yitzhak Yehuda Hacohen. Prince is very stubborn and is ready to accept the views of the two brothers, the goodness of God in this regard. It is known that Michelle kindness of God has told him once that there is no hope to install him in power without creating sources of private investment, even with the help of the Jews ». <Same source>.
If true, the information contained in this report and in previous reports, they explain the weak position of mufti in his claim Prince of reneging on rent land policy of the Agency. But what explains stuck Prince position is inevitably Artkazh to the solid base consisting of elders Arab supporters of that policy, which stood out in the past, along with the hopes that taking attaches Prince on its association with the Jewish Agency in relation to the possibility of annexation of Palestine to his emirate as we shall see.
Here, at least highlight the importance of the role played by the weight of Al-Fayez and other senators who have been associated with acting in support of the position of the prince. Aharon Cohen says in his report on his visit to Amman in the period between (16-18/1/1933 m):
«The Prince sent in the request during his visit to the weight of his evening (16/01/1933) and he (ie Cohen) request to the weight that inquires about the position of the Prince of the issue of the sale of land and rent. On the morning (1/17/1933 m) accompanied by the weight of his visit in Prince Hassan immortal in Jerusalem, and in their way back they visited Muhammad medial. In the evening, Cohen visited the weight again told him that the Prince and medial support the sale and rental of land to the Agency also supports the idea of a mustard-Prince in a conference of tribal leaders to discuss the issue ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/6313) in Hebrew>.
On the other hand he drew serious attention Moshe Chertok (mentioned in his report for the period 19-22/1/1933 m) to the symbolic significance of the appearance of the prince in Jerusalem, accompanied by the weight of their visit Hassan al-Fayez and immortal. And demonstrates that serious, saying:
«The position of the weight and its association with the Jews of things very well-known». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/4143) in Hebrew>.
Then the hardness political base, which was based to the position of Crown Prince Abdullah to the criticism leveled his movements Aloutnatan Palestinian, Jordanian, stemmed mainly from the tribal nature and Batrki for the life of the emirate’s political in that period. On a previous occasion we have pointed out that the clan elders who have been associated with the Zionist project in terms of their interests Kmlakin senior who at the same time formed the backbone of those political life. This also explains their defense of the policy of the prince in rental territory, and even pushed towards deepening its association with the Jewish Agency and make that link the official policy of the emirate.
The activity helped the opposition National Policy for Prince to develop his political support by the Senate and backs an important power center stands behind their formation through their contract for delegations and conferences to support that policy.
Here are a summary of the report written by Aharon Cohen entitled <a report on the visit to Amman in the period between (5-10 / 2/1933 m)>, which includes not only the important information about the forms of support and considerations that stood behind him, but also gives us a clear picture of life Political emirate in that period.
Cohen says at the beginning of his report:
«Was sent to Amman to stand on the developments on the eve of a session of the Legislative Council, after we received reports indicating that the subject lands will be raised by Gore liver. Then he tells how he met on the first day of his visit, both Hamdi Pasha Anees (owners of large) and on your Tukan (former member of the Legislative Council) and Salem al-Hindawi (owners also great) and Hashim your best (smelting whit and a member of the Legislative Council) in the house of the weight of Al-Fayez . Hashim had told him your best and that a delegation from the Senate, headed by the weight of Pasha had gone to the prince and expressed his support for the right to lease land to the Jews. He was among the members of the delegation, all of your happy Mufti (representative of the Circassian community in the Legislative Council) and on your Toukan and Shahabuddin your Sami (former Council member of the Legislative Council) and Nazmi Abdel-Hadi (a lawyer and former member of the Legislative Council also) ».
The details of their conversation that took place between the Prince and the delegation has moved to reconcile your Alnajdawi Aharon Cohen when the latter met the next day (06/02/1933 AD). It is understood from the novel Alnajdawi (which he described Cohen as “the angel of large”) that the weight is speaking on behalf of the delegation, referring to the cooperation between the Independence Party, the Middle Jordanian and Palestinian national movement by saying that just greatness «receives instructions from Jerusalem on raising the issue of Gore liver (in the east Jordan) ». The reaction was to contact the Prince during his meeting President Abdullah OS and asked him to «muzzles just greatness by force» if the latter tried to raise the issue and tell him that «the right to dispose of its territories Prince as he wishes». Then «Prince suggested to the members of the delegation to be happy Mufti spokesman against President Adel greatness in the Council. He also suggested the establishment of a political rally elect an executive body headed by the weight to do an anti-Activity Independents ».
During the meeting, which was conducted by Cohen in the evening in the house of Ibrahim Hashim, with each of the latter and Mohammed angina (owners of large) and Saeed Mufti Mohammed Alasbla and “others” were talking about the position and motives of the Jewish Agency to the land issue and the link with tribal elders and the role played by the British in this area. The position was put forward by Cohen, is that the agency will not actively broad settlement in the territory of Transjordan unless invited by the Senate to do so. The goal behind this is that we need to call in order to prove that we’re not raping the land and the displacement of her parents. This hand. On the other hand the agency has sought to convince the authorities that the people of the British Mandate of Transjordan satisfied with the activity there as well. In response to questions and Mufti Mohammed Saeed Alasbla Cohen explained the agency’s policy not to carry out any activity that is not satisfied by the British authorities which requires from the point of view that the Senate to convince the authorities that “willingly” in Zionist activity inside Transjordan.
Later we will look into the motives that stood in that period behind the opposition to the expansion of British politics Zionist activity in Transjordan annexation of Palestine to the latter. It is clear here that the agency aimed from behind the association with elders and leaders of East Jordan is not only to provide the appropriate environment to expand its activities within the emirate only, but also to give each of the prince and the Mandate authorities that activity legitimize official.
Thus understood response to a question, Mufti Said Cohen:
«The Prince and his supporters intend to get rid of the current government and the formation of a new government headed by Ibrahim Hashim loyal to him, unlike the current government under the influence of (British Commissioner, Col.) Cox».
He Said:
«The delegation intends to go to the Prince tomorrow and demand the resignation of the current government, even before the date of the next meeting of the Legislative Council, which will be on (02/29/1933 AD)».
It appears from the report that Cohen consultations that took place during the day (7-8/2/1933 m) has already focused on the issue of the dismissal of the Government of Sheikh Abdullah OS. In the evening (02/07/1933 AD) met Bmthagal-Fayez, who told him that he went along with Mohammed Alasbla to meet Prince that afternoon, although the latter had agreed on the necessity of the dismissal of the government. The next day he met Cohen Bnzemi Abdul Hadi, who also told him that the Prince intends not only to demand Ibrahim Hashim formation of a new government, but the appointment of Mohammed and the medial head of his office as well (instead of Hamid Valley). It is also looking for a candidate “appropriate” for the post of secretary of the government «because it is unreasonable to retain Tawfiq Abu al-Huda in this position while he holds the post of secretary of the Independence Party».
The report notes Cohen also to the activity of such cluster, which took crystallized around the issue of support for the position of Prince, especially with regard to send telegrams of support for him. At the same time it has learned from Nazmi Abdel Hadi that:
«Will soon be holding a conference wide to the country’s leaders are elected by the executive body to negotiate with us (ie with the IAEA) about those things. He said they intend to launch a smear campaign against their enemies in Palestine, although Prince intends to establish a newspaper published three times a week and the defense of his policy »
As a result of these developments has canceled a session of the Legislative Council of the Day (02/09/1933 AD). The official reason is the lack of the presence of a sufficient number of members. However, Cohen adds in his report: «I felt that the hand of the prince behind the cancellation of the meeting». Before leaving Amman next morning Cohen aware of the good that Hashem:
«Has not been definitively settle things, but after Prince hoping to find a faithful man become prime minister until the end of the current week». <See Cohen in a report. P. M. Q file. (25/3487) in Hebrew>.
There is additional information about the steps taken by the Prince decided to hit the national opposition. He made ​​the information during the conversation held by him on (08/02/1933) and contained in the report entitled Cohen <Information serious day (2/14/1933 m)>. And tells how serious Prince complained to him that the activity of just greatness and his efforts to organize “gang” within the Legislative Council in order to push the latter to make a decision to confiscate lands and resettlement clan “worship” them because of the Prince Gore liver rent lands for the Jews. Prince also complained of serious disappointment of the Jewish Agency because they have not done enough to convince the British that step. Again ratios Prince Mandate authorities to oppose his policies and stand behind the government’s campaign against him. On the other hand, said to have a serious intention to expel the leaders of the independence and greatness just Tarawneh Hussein and Dr. Subhi Abu booty from the country.
The truth is that there is some strangeness in the role played by serious here. According to the report, Cohen has advised the Prince not to attempt to keep the move just because the leaders of the independence and greatness Hussein Tarawneh members of the Legislative Council. It also asked him to give him some time until just talking to greatness in it.
In the context of the report cites Cohen text of the interview that took place between serious and fair greatness in the next day (02/09/1933 AD). And it is understood that serious just advised not to be subjected to the policy of the prince inside the Legislative Council, and warned him that “going too far” in that it would cause a lot of “personal trouble”. The greatness has just agreed to that condition to make a statement denouncing the Prince when the process of land rent. He adds serious at the end, “his information” That explains why the Prince make this statement. On the other hand it has complained to him Prince of Independents continued to oppose his policies and they organized a demonstration in Salt where his car was attacked by “some of the bullies.” (Information on 08/02/1933 Jad m), <a. P. M. Q file. (25/4143) in Hebrew>.
Perhaps the Prince feared that the Jewish Agency explain his statement mentioned that a real retreat from the policy process under pressure from the national movement. So we find it carries Mohammed medial following message to the Jewish Agency Day (02/15/1933) and by reference to the demonstration, including Salt and his adopted British and activity in Oman:
«I send this to our friends the feelings of respect and appreciation. I am sure your discretion to our decision to implement the project seriously. Also, our opponents stood on the seriousness of the resolution. So it has worked to his frustration. However, they failed because of the capital and all the clans and entire cities and Circassian community supports this project. So has the opposition in consultation with their representative in the government, which is backed by the British Mission, and with members of the Independence Party, and decided to send a telegram despicable for us and for the High Representative. Some children also staged a demonstration in Salt did not involve any of the people. However, he claimed the High Representative and the presence of opposition in public opinion and personally advised to stop the project. It was our feeling that they will resort to the trap again if we did not use some means of caution. So it was we thwart their plans through the publication of the latest statement, which will not hurt Bnchatkm because we do not have any money does not make sense to leave the earth Bora. So inform us that he has not been issued, for any people, any action that justifies your concerns ».
<A. P. M. Q file. (25/4143) for the Hebrew translation of the message>.
On the other hand did not stop the opposition from its activities within the National Legislative Assembly to enact a law prohibiting the sale or lease land to foreigners. However, this activity was met with opposition senators loyal to Prince and his frustration at the meeting of the Council on (02/03/1933 AD).And tells us that report, which was written by Aharon Cohen about <a visit to Amman on (7-8/3/1933 m)> The meeting, which was with him the weight of Al-Fayez.
Cohen says:
«Then I asked him (ie the weight) on the activity of just greatness with respect to enact legislation prohibiting the sale of land to foreigners. He said that only three people have signed a petition fair, they are: Hussein Tarawneh and Saad and Mohammed bin Hamad Jazzy (who later repented and apologized to Prince). When just put his bill in the Council answered both metric and Zureiqat Rvivan Majali they Satqublan the arrival of Jews in forbearance. Hashim also took your best and your Mohammed Mohsen similar position ».
Cohen adds in his report:
«When I met Hashim your best assured me that the weight of the novel, he said Rvivan metric and Saeed Abu Jaber (of Salt) and Mufti Saeed and others attacked the project fair. Hashim added that he just said: If we agree we are the leaders of this country on your own, the Arabs of Palestine Saattabronna opponents and supporters of the Emir of their policy to the extreme, and we are not willing to betray Prince in order to satisfy Independents ».
«In the evening were invited to the house of the weight where I met Abraham and Hashim good and Rvivan Majali and Mohammed Mohsen and Nazmi Abdel-Hadi and Mufti Saeed. He asked me Hashim good: why Jews go to Palestine despite the opposition of its residents do not come to the east of the Jordan? She explained to him that we in Palestine have obtained approval from the authorities on Jewish immigration, while authorities are still in the east of the Jordan opposes it. Hashim said that there is a possibility to change the government of East Jordan, and stayed on the agency to do is shift (Col.) Cox (adopted British) from his chair ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/6313) in Hebrew>.
Shows that during the visit that Cohen reached a tentative agreement on a meeting with King David noted earlier between the men of the Zionist movement and the Delegation of the Senate and members of the Legislative Council, the Middle Jordanian. On the other hand it has remained the British Mandate authorities oppose the entry of Zionist activity to the east of the Jordan in that period. Aharon Cohen says in a report written by Day (04/05/1933 AD):
«A few months ago the Prince informs Cox signed an agreement for the lease of land to Jews. The latter transfer news to the High Representative, who expressed his opposition to the Convention and request cancellation. Prince then asked to take the case to the Ministry of Colonies and discussed there.However, the response of London came to confirm the position of the High Representative. At the same time aware that the Minister of the colonies will soon visit to Palestine, so the request to postpone the Prince to research the topic when he came. Again, the result is negative which led to the deterioration of the relationship between the Prince and Cox ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/4143), p (2) Hebrew>.
We will stand in the position later on the motives that lay behind the position of the Mandate authorities. As for the opposition National has continued its activities within the Legislative Council to enact a law prohibiting the sale of land to foreigners, was discussed by the Council at its day (12/15/1933 AD) project proposal made by just greatness in this regard. The opinion of the government, such as your happy Mufti member of the Council of Ministers rejected the inclusion of the draft proposal on the Council’s agenda. This was interpreted by saying that there is no need to enact a law of this type because it «confirms the existing policy, which prevents the sale of land under which foreigners». <For the Hebrew translation of the protocol meeting of the Council saved in a. P. M. Q file. (25 /> 6313.
And the failure of the opposition in the Legislative Council once again helped the prince to go ahead and renew the agreement Gore liver (Alawbashn) for another year in (01/11/1934 AD). This was preceded by a series of negotiations conducted by Mohammed medial behalf of the Prince and Aharon Cohen of the Jewish Agency, which resulted in some amendments to the Convention first. And a summary report to the next Aharon Cohen holds those amendments and the agreement on them. Cohen says:
«Asked to address the issue of the renewal of Alawbashn. Before briefly suggested Dr. b. Joseph to be Alawbashn new Registered as: development company territory of Palestine instead of the name of Newman and Farbstein, which occurred on the option last year. Asked to inform the Prince Mohammed medial our proposal and the transfer of his response to it. In the fourth month of the current transfer us to the Prince’s response follows:
The Day (01.06.1934 AD) went to interview the medial student who is the other to pay the amount (100) pounds fees to renew his Alawbashn for the first six months. He claimed that Newman and Farbstein and everything else at the time payment of 200 pounds on his fees annually. After negotiations with him agreed to pay him 200 pounds on his fees if the prince received approval to renew Alawbashn for the full year compared to 500 pounds only he agreed. Two days later, with the approval of the medial Prince told us, was to determine the day (01/11/1934 AD) as the date for the signing of the new Alawbashn. She traveled with me that day. K. I met the prince in the house of the medial reality on its territory near the Allenby Bridge fell Prince on three formats of the option the new: the first between him and the company to develop the territory of Palestine directly, and the second between the medial and the company, ratification by the Prince, and the third tripartite agreement waiver whereby Newman and Farbstein their right to Alawbashn in favor of the development company territory of Palestine. After the signing of Prince went on a tour of the fields, while the medial Vdaana to enter the house and drink coffee ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3487) in Hebrew>.
After that we have a process of renewal shortly received a secret message from Prince explains the difficulties encountered with the approach of the next election (the Legislative Council) and he needs to allocate additional budget to meet the expenses for our common interest political greater than offered by his limited capabilities. So it has Tobanna giving him the sum of (500) pounds of additional one at the expense of our banks boost rent next year. And despite the fact that it has emerged as a sort of going too far, we have agreed to his request and asked the bank to Anglo – Palestinian awarded simple interest loan. And it means that the bank has given us the amount Vholnah to Prince at the expense of our budget policy for the coming year and at the expense of additional contributions to rent the land on which the project can be obtained from k. K. ‘s. (JNF), and b. ‘s. D. K. (Territory of Palestine Development Company) ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3515), p. (5) English>.
«It is known that no great economic value of this land and that is the foundation of political value. If we can get the approval of introduction to our entry into the Prince of Transjordan, it is a good thing. The question remains for the selection of the appropriate time to do so. Arab public opinion angry today because of the territory of the Hula. We must think about whether the tenancy agreement in East Jordan does not increase the tension situation ». <A. P.M. Q file. (25/3492), p (5) in Hebrew>.
And about the need to take into account the political conditions and taking into account public opinion, which is expected to erupt on the Prince, said Dr. Mahon:
Because of the obvious political dimensions of this Agreement and that in turn led to growing opposition National reaction in each of the Jaffa and east of the Jordan, has taken the Prince seeks to search for a formula directly to the implementation of the agreement with the agency about Gore liver. During his meeting with Dr. Weizmann in London in mid-July the year (1934) was agreed between them that the Jewish Agency to take a partner is a British Jew registration agreement liver Gore in his name in the future. Aharon Cohen says in his report on his meeting with Muhammad on the medial (22/07/1934 AD):
«In any case, m. A. Urges us to expedite the search for a partner for the English franchise Gore liver ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3051) in Hebrew>.
It seems that most of what was feared by those authorities reaction to the Arab national in both countries, prompting the prince to work to reassure those authorities not serious gravity of the national move. Mohammed has pointed out in his conversation with the medial Aharon Cohen Day (08/08/1934 AD) to the British High Commissioner, during his recent visit to East Jordan to explore the view of some government officials on the issue of Gore liver and entry of Jews to the east of Jordan. One of them was on your Tabbara Director of government land, which, he says the medial, assured him «The Jewish settlement activity means employment of foreign capital which will benefit the country and welcomed by the citizens». But he stressed the medial turn to Aharon Cohen during that conversation success in pursuing Prince Independents, and I know that Dr. Subhi Abu booty has been forced because of such prosecution to migrate to Syria, just as he tries to reconcile with the government of grandeur. <A. P. M. File (25/3485) in Hebrew>.
«In the evening were invited to the house of the weight where I met Abraham and Hashim good and Rvivan Majali and Mohammed Mohsen and Nazmi Abdel-Hadi and Mufti Saeed. He asked me Hashim good: why Jews go to Palestine despite the opposition of its residents do not come to the east of the Jordan? She explained to him that we in Palestine have obtained approval from the authorities on Jewish immigration, while authorities are still in the east of the Jordan opposes it. Hashim said that there is a possibility to change the government of East Jordan, and stayed on the agency to do is shift (Col.) Cox (adopted British) from his chair ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/6313) in Hebrew>.
«A few months ago the Prince informs Cox signed an agreement for the lease of land to Jews. The latter transfer news to the High Representative, who expressed his opposition to the Convention and request cancellation. Prince then asked to take the case to the Ministry of Colonies and discussed there.However, the response of London came to confirm the position of the High Representative. At the same time aware that the Minister of the colonies will soon visit to Palestine, so the request to postpone the Prince to research the topic when he came. Again, the result is negative which led to the deterioration of the relationship between the Prince and Cox ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/4143), p (2) Hebrew>.
We will stand in the position later on the motives that lay behind the position of the Mandate authorities. As for the opposition National has continued its activities within the Legislative Council to enact a law prohibiting the sale of land to foreigners, was discussed by the Council at its day (12/15/1933 AD) project proposal made by just greatness in this regard. The opinion of the government, such as your happy Mufti member of the Council of Ministers rejected the inclusion of the draft proposal on the Council’s agenda. This was interpreted by saying that there is no need to enact a law of this type because it «confirms the existing policy, which prevents the sale of land under which foreigners». <For the Hebrew translation of the protocol meeting of the Council saved in a. P. M. Q file. (25 /> 6313.
And the failure of the opposition in the Legislative Council once again helped the prince to go ahead and renew the agreement Gore liver (Alawbashn) for another year in (01/11/1934 AD). This was preceded by a series of negotiations conducted by Mohammed medial behalf of the Prince and Aharon Cohen of the Jewish Agency, which resulted in some amendments to the Convention first. And a summary report to the next Aharon Cohen holds those amendments and the agreement on them. Cohen says:
2 – Because the company to develop the territory of Palestine is a new partner, the new negotiations must take place in order to get a new option. So you must pay 500 pounds compared to the first six months. The Day (01.06.1934 AD) went to interview the medial student who is the other to pay the amount (100) pounds fees to renew his Alawbashn for the first six months. He claimed that Newman and Farbstein and everything else at the time payment of 200 pounds on his fees annually. After negotiations with him agreed to pay him 200 pounds on his fees if the prince received approval to renew Alawbashn for the full year compared to 500 pounds only he agreed. Two days later, with the approval of the medial Prince told us, was to determine the day (01/11/1934 AD) as the date for the signing of the new Alawbashn. She traveled with me that day. K. I met the prince in the house of the medial reality on its territory near the Allenby Bridge fell Prince on three formats of the option the new: the first between him and the company to develop the territory of Palestine directly, and the second between the medial and the company, ratification by the Prince, and the third tripartite agreement waiver whereby Newman and Farbstein their right to Alawbashn in favor of the development company territory of Palestine. After the signing of Prince went on a tour of the fields, while the medial Vdaana to enter the house and drink coffee ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3487) in Hebrew>.
It was a renewal of the agreement for another year of complications reflected on the internal situation in the east of the Jordan and the relationship between the Prince and the Jewish Agency on the one hand and the official position of the British Mandate authorities on the other.
The first thing worth pointing out is to take the character of this political coalition agreement between the Agency and the Prince and gradually lost its economic value. This is clearly shown by the message sent by Moshe Chertok to the British Zionist Professor Broditsky Day (06/07/1934) and that explained the importance of the political side of the motives of the agency at least behind the quest for the renewal of that agreement. Chertok says:
«You know, we have to renew the contract of the Year (1934) vs. (500) pounds a Palestinian, but we found that not remember the economic value of the land, it has taken for the process to Prince politicize the first place. After that we have a process of renewal shortly received a secret message from Prince explains the difficulties encountered with the approach of the next election (the Legislative Council) and he needs to allocate additional budget to meet the expenses for our common interest political greater than offered by his limited capabilities. So it has Tobanna giving him the sum of (500) pounds of additional one at the expense of our banks boost rent next year. And despite the fact that it has emerged as a sort of going too far, we have agreed to his request and asked the bank to Anglo – Palestinian awarded simple interest loan. And it means that the bank has given us the amount Vholnah to Prince at the expense of our budget policy for the coming year and at the expense of additional contributions to rent the land on which the project can be obtained from k. K. ‘s. (JNF), and b. ‘s. D. K. (Territory of Palestine Development Company) ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3515), p. (5) English>.
Has raised a purely political nature of the agreement and the absence of any economic value of the project some of the administrative problems within the agency stemmed primarily from the need to re-renewal of the party that will fulfill the financial obligations derived therefrom. So at least as evidenced by the (protocol meeting of representatives of the Jewish Agency and the Jewish National Fund and the Palestine Development Company lands on 06/12/1934 AD). Shows clearly through the words of the representatives of the various bodies that have become political considerations are determined by not only the body but also the financier of the project, and choose the time and circumstance politicians also appropriate for its implementation.
Dr. Rubin spoke about the Jewish Agency, said:
«It is known that no great economic value of this land and that is the foundation of political value. If we can get the approval of introduction to our entry into the Prince of Transjordan, it is a good thing. The question remains for the selection of the appropriate time to do so. Arab public opinion angry today because of the territory of the Hula. We must think about whether the tenancy agreement in East Jordan does not increase the tension situation ». <A. P.M. Q file. (25/3492), p (5) in Hebrew>.
And about the need to take into account the political conditions and taking into account public opinion, which is expected to erupt on the Prince, said Dr. Mahon:
Because of the obvious political dimensions of this Agreement and that in turn led to growing opposition National reaction in each of the Jaffa and east of the Jordan, has taken the Prince seeks to search for a formula directly to the implementation of the agreement with the agency about Gore liver. During his meeting with Dr. Weizmann in London in mid-July the year (1934) was agreed between them that the Jewish Agency to take a partner is a British Jew registration agreement liver Gore in his name in the future. Aharon Cohen says in his report on his meeting with Muhammad on the medial (22/07/1934 AD):
«In any case, m. A. Urges us to expedite the search for a partner for the English franchise Gore liver ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3051) in
Hebrew>.
 
Hebrew>.
 
 
 
 
 
 
It seems that most of what was feared by those authorities reaction to the Arab national in both countries, prompting the prince to work to reassure those authorities not serious gravity of the national move. Mohammed has pointed out in his conversation with the medial Aharon Cohen Day (08/08/1934 AD) to the British High Commissioner, during his recent visit to East Jordan to explore the view of some government officials on the issue of Gore liver and entry of Jews to the east of Jordan. One of them was on your Tabbara Director of government land, which, he says the medial, assured him «The Jewish settlement activity means employment of foreign capital which will benefit the country and welcomed by the citizens». But he stressed the medial turn to Aharon Cohen during that conversation success in pursuing Prince Independents, and I know that Dr. Subhi Abu booty has been forced because of such prosecution to migrate to Syria, just as he tries to reconcile with the government of grandeur. <A. P. M. File (25/3485) in Hebrew>.
Mohammed has tried to clarify the medial this image in the meeting, which was with him on Aharon Cohen (10/28/1934 AD). At the beginning of the meeting, thanked the medial Muhammad Cohen on behalf of the Prince on the gifts sent by his political circle (jewelry and a table clock) on the occasion of his son near Prince Talal marriage to the daughter of his uncle, Prince Jamil bin Nasser. And then lifting Cohen forget resentment of the Political Department of the statement of the party, “the people” who condemned the speech, Dr. Wiseman on the entry of Jews to the east of Jordan and explained to him that the issuance of a statement of this kind encourages Cox on the claim that public opinion in the east of the Jordan is not satisfied with the entry of Jews to it.
In response to a complaint medial Cohen said that Prince tried throughout the year (1933) the disposal of the Government of Abdullah OS that occurred under the influence of Cox. He added, that is responsible for the issuance of the statement this time is Cox, who took the same affect on the government of Ibrahim Hashim also. <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3485) in Hebrew>.
«I told him that it was not true that faces pressure Arab harsh: Vhashim good (Minister of Antiquities) and Mufti Saeed (Minister of the Department of brigades) and the return of your priests (Attorney General) agree to our entry into Transjordan. The interviewed me and expressed their position on this.As (I told him) that it was not true that we are not doing anything to help him: we have held a reception and dating in the King David Hotel in April (1933), attended by the leaders of East Jordan, and Dr. Wiseman. It also helped to hold the weight of Al-Fayez economic conference in July (1933). And gave us some tribal sheikhs small loans to as much as our potential. And other amounts paid to some newspapers in return take a positive attitude in favor of Prince ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/6313) in Hebrew>.
Although it has been claimed that the renewal of the agreement, Prince brings his troubles and pressures, and the premium for the lack of any economic value of the project. As Cohen has emphasized the political nature of the renewal of the agreement, saying the prince:
All this explains the increasing frequency Prince and his concerns about embarking on a renewal agreement Gore liver at the beginning of the year (1935). On the other hand it has taken the Jewish Agency, which began appreciates the value of political association with him in the abortion movements The national Palestinian and Jordanian, pushing it towards the signing of another agreement. This is confirmed by Aharon Cohen, in his report on the conversation that he had with Muhammad in the medial (01/01/1935 AD). Cohen says:
«Expressed fears of hesitation in renewing Prince Alawbashn Gore to the liver. AD said. A. (Ie Muhammad medial) The only reason for the delay and frequency is the determination of the government of Ibrahim Hashim to enact the law proposed by the greatness just in time. Asked the AD. A. To try his best to convince the Prince to renew the agreement for another year against payment of an additional amount of money in addition to what we paid him so far. He has promised to AD. A. Seeking in this ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3485) in Hebrew>.
«We were the first to land Gore interested in the liver, which remained neglected until then and that because of the increased value of our interest in them. And Arab groups that are negotiating with Prince about renting us now take place at the same time, negotiations to transfer to our name. On the other hand, there are brokers Arabs and Jews who think a personal interest in the land.
The Prince entering into negotiations with these and those unworthy Bmqamh Commissioner may also form political danger it if it came to the press in the future. The best way to avoid it is to renew the agreement between us on Alawbashn. So I hope you do everything in your power to postpone the signing of the agreement with the other group as soon as possible ». <For the Hebrew translation saved in a. P. M. Q file. (25/3487)>.
Although we do not know the exact identity of those “Arab group” to which it refers message Chertok, the Jewish Agency reports from that period are full of the names of the Arab companies which had made contact with the prince in order to obtain a franchise Gore liver. In the report, which was noted earlier Aharon Cohen has expressed his concerns to forget that the former Khedive Abbas Helmi has conducted such communications. Cohen says:
«I then asked if the Khedive Abbas Helmi, who will visit Jordan soon seeking to hire Gore liver. He said: The Prince intends to negotiate with him about the Khedive special loan amounting to 20 thousand pounds. Nothing to do with the loan Bgor liver ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3485) in Hebrew>.
There are also scattered references to other Arab companies negotiated with Prince for the same purpose. Muhammad was reported to the medial Aharon when the latter visited him in his home in Barn Day (08/12/1937 AD) that “the company alive Arab lands m. Z.” Has been tried in the year (1935) to reach an agreement with the Prince lands on the rental of the liver. The day of the medial also said that the owners of this company Shukri coronary Mahmoud Ismail Najjar and Najjar and Mohammed Abdul Qader Al-Issa and Muzaffarabad. Cohen adds to it saying:
«Day spread some propaganda, which said that the Mufti and the Arab Bank are behind this group». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/6313), p (3), in Hebrew>.
However, sufficient detail about the developments that preceded the agreement and the parties that participated in the negotiation within the report prepared by Aharon Cohen entitled <Alawbashn on the issue of Gore’s liver in the period between (5/1-5/2/1935 m)>. Here we will supply a summary of this report is the importance of the information contained therein:
«(05/01/1935 AD): Mr. and say. C. The lawyer Onstas Hanania suggests that the agreement was signed on behalf of the Gore liver brokers Arabs to undertake these transferred to the name of the Jewish Agency later.
(01/07/1935 AD): After consultation with us and informed. C. Lawyer Ananias that the agency is not satisfied that the negotiations on the liver, including Gore and Prince indirectly through brokers and Arabs.
 
In the evening, he told me that Mufti Muhammad Hamza asked to contact Balkhaddioi Jamal Husseini, Abbas Hilmi and talk to him about Gore liver.
(02/05/1935 AD): I visited the Prince at the hotel, which was revealed in Jerusalem, and there was the signing of the new agreement Alawbashn. Have been asked to not see what the British on the details. Mohammed also pledged not to make any medial future negotiations with any party about Gore liver ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/10122) in Hebrew>.
With respect to the signing of the Convention itself has been referred to in the letter sent by Moshe Chertok “to the members of the governing body (the Agency),” Day (02/06/1935 AD). Chertok says in his letter:
«Yesterday was signed in Jerusalem on a new agreement for the option for a period of 4 years. Agreement has been prepared synonymous with the previous agreement and the ratification of all the rights and duties mentioned in the latter. In addition, it has introduced all of the commitments by robbery (not to grant option is to negotiate and not with others …) as well as the issue of fines in case of non-fulfillment of obligations.
It should be a thanks. . Cohen to treat serious and sincere to this complex issue ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3513)>.
As for the expenses of the Convention Cohen has pointed out in his report on the renewal of the year (1935) to the agreement between the Agency and the Jewish National Fund and Development Company territory of Palestine so that each and every one of these bodies to cover one-third of those expenses. The Day (07.04.1935 AD) sent a letter to Cohen Chertok informing him that while the share of agency expenses Gore liver have arrived in the year (1934) to $ (233) pounds (ie, one-third of the total amount of expenses that was (700 ) pounds) has reached in the year (1935) the sum of (1394) pounds (one-third of the total amount that became (1482) pounds).
He adds Cohen that «in the next three years we will return to the situation normal so as not to increase our expenses at (200) pounds per year is one-third of the 600 pounds of which (500) pounds for the Prince and (100) pounds Mohammed medial». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3513) in Hebrew>.
 
«In response to a request to renew the Prince Alawbashn has approved the administrative board of the Jewish Agency to grant a loan of 500 pounds was accepted with the hope of getting on the (100) pounds ahead of the other traveling to London». <These reports are reserved within the detailed report prepared by Aharon Cohen entitled: between the political department and the Palace of the emirate.
A. P. M. Q file. (25/3486) in Hebrew>.
«After exchanging some sentences welcome and transfer to the prince of peace Chertok, I asked him about his attitude towards starting a new settlement in the east of the Jordan against the support, financially and economically. His answer was formally in terms of both content and style, perhaps influenced by the presence of Samir back, saying that it took the developments in Palestine into consideration before taking any further step. Also complained of the lack of any intention by the Jews and the British to solve the problem, which reduces its effectiveness to find such a solution.Emphasized his desire to find a satisfactory solution, but I said no matter what he will report the findings of the Royal Commission we are able to reach agreement on some of the things Limited. Prince repeat again saying that the only way in front of him is pending the resolution of the problem of England.Under this solution will draw the subsequent steps.
<A. P. M. Q file. (25/3486) in Hebrew>.
If political alliance based on shared interests has begun in conjunction between the Prince and the IAEA on the issue of territory Gore liver, the documentation of that alliance with the passage of time has led to a decline in the economic value of the contract on that land. Therefore, we find Mohammed medial stresses during a meeting Backlinks Sasson Day (11/28/1939 AD):
«The Prince was not intended in the statement issued recently in the press about Gore liver to abuse us (ie the Agency), but it is the goal to promote the territory in order to find new investors after the agency announced that it would not be renewed for an additional period Alawbashn». <A. P. M. Q file.(25/3485) in Hebrew>.
However, the question remains Alawbashn pending renewal until the end of the year (1939). Prince also remained officially a cover used for loans and assistance was requested from the agency. In (12/05/1939 AD) wrote to the medial Mohammed Eliyahu Sasson says:
«Hand Alawbashn have looked very hard with him (ie with Prince) and Efhamny he needed to (500) pounds immediately and that he is ready to be completed on this basis and the rest Premium and by the desire that you agree. And it was waiting for your answer with the holder if you can ». <A. P. M file Q. (25/3501), the original text in Arabic>.
«On the twentieth of this month sent a. P. (Prince Abdullah) m. A. (Mohammed medial) to Jerusalem to inquire about the issue of the renewal of Alawbashn and to exchange information and views on the developments in Palestine and the Arab countries and London. For Alawbashn have told him that we will reach a final decision within one week. He said that if our answer was negative, the a. P. Request to look into the offer to grant his request (500) pounds ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3485) in Hebrew>.
It is clear here that the relationship between the financial support was provided by the agency for the Prince and the franchise territory liver Gore became a formality with the passage of time. Gradually it became clear also for each of the Prince and the agency that the latter are practically financed Activity Prince with purely political nature, which clearly highlights the message sent by Aharon Cohen Chertok Day (11/01/1937 AD). Cohen says in his letter:
Yesterday informed m. A. (Mohammed medial) our intention to grant Prince amount (500) pounds, and he said that he could not appear before the master less than 1000 pounds for the following reasons:
A – I’ve Exchange Prince pension for the coming months (until February) on political activities.
B – Soon it will be Eid al-Fitr will be where the majority of these activities, and evenings will be dedicated to the Eid celebrations and political meeting.
C – needs to Prince (1000) pounds spent on pressing commitments: the press and the Syrian operation and expenses of the party in Amman and hold meetings in all the cities east of the Jordan and the establishment of various branches of the party. . . Etc..
Suggested to take into account their urgent needs and in order to give the required amount can not claim in the future that we did not do all that we can in this period is full of possibilities ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3486) in Hebrew>.
«Day Event Benny Wm. A. (Mohammed medial) otherwise, as usually happens when all the process of paying the money, because while you’ve promised to pay the amount of the beginning of this month, he insisted not to be less than the previous installment (800) pounds for the Prince Abdullah and (150) pounds for him. I told him that our financial situation bad at the moment and he should not expect such an amount. However FD refused to receive the payment offered by today. I felt angry because we would not pay him (150) pounds, and that his eagerness to secure the amount of your Prince Abdullah was not honest. I said that it deliver the amount of Prince Abdullah and told that it is the amount that can Moshe Chertok was granted to him in this difficult period. And if he refuses to Crown Prince Abdullah, he received back to us. For the percent lira, which has, he told him that he could receive it or reject it. Began to complain and complain, and said: I am the only Representative in East Jordan. For the citizens I am representative of the East Bankers Zionism. So it has fired on home visits and two and three, has vowed to spend Mufti Ali when it became clear to him that I have a link Prince Abdullah with you. The abandoned me my dearest friends and relatives who look at me now sold himself as a traitor to the Zionists at the cheapest price. Not enough money to pay you received Albkhchih. It is true that your attachment is with Prince Abdullah, is the work that I am black.Because of you, I had to rent a house in Jerusalem, in the amount of (150) pounds per year because the social welcome in the hotel is a threat to me.And you refuse to pay the household expenses. If you have someone better than me in the east of Jordan told me that in order to get rid of this difficult situation. If you want to serve your cause then you have to pay expenses.
My answer to him was long. Reported that he received us in the past year alone (600) pounds. If there is to be keen to meet the needs of all that is the Prince Abdullah himself. In the end, requested him to accept the (100) pounds rejected. I did not find appeared to be returned to the fund.
I think I have not sinned against in this business, and that he will return to reconcile with us. Otherwise, we inform Prince Abdullah about the problems caused by us (medial) in the recent period.
Attach this and prayed: first Prince Abdullah for the previous amount (800) pounds, and the second for a temporary amount of the (500) pounds recently.I ratification and sent to Mr. Glass (lawyer) ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3491) in Hebrew>.
As we draw your attention to the confidential nature of this loan, and we hope that you will take from your Excellency that into account in the case of treatment cashed ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/3486) in Hebrew>.
 
As it was for the Prince of personal transactions with some institutions and companies Zionism entered in her personal religion, and was one of these companies and the agency (for architecture), which sold a car (Fiat) and then went to Moshe Chertok and offered him to buy promissory notes that have not paid by the Prince. The Day (06.30.1936 AD) sent an agent to the company in Haifa Moshe Chertok the following message:
«Draw your attention to it have six bills signed by Prince Abdullah himself. The value of each promissory note (8.30) Pounds Palestinian deserved pay a total of (52.98) pounds in the period between (25/12/1935-25/6/1936 m).
Prince has signed on these bills in June of last year, compared to buy a car (Fiat) from our agency. . . Currently, we intend to take steps towards legal bills of exchange or offer for sale (in the market of buying like). However, some friends pointed us to go to Houdrtkm before doing any work and the question if you are interested in these bills ». <A. P. M. Q file. (25/10122) in Hebrew>.
Find here will not linger on the issue of the funds received by Crown Prince Abdullah of the Jewish Agency. Suffice it to another signal for these funds in the documents in our reach yet received the letter sent by the head of the political Golda Myerson (later known Bjulda Meir) to the Department of Finance Day (05/02/1947 AD) as follows:
«Please pay $ (3,200) pounds of a master. (Eliyahu) Sasson budget at the expense of the political department – the Arabic section, item Transjordan ».<A. P. M. Q file. (25/9037) in Hebrew>.